Which of the following statements in relation to the presumptions of statutory interpretation is correct?

The statement that a statute does not have retrospective effect is correct because this principle is foundational in statutory interpretation. Generally, laws are intended to apply to events and actions occurring after their enactment, ensuring fairness and allowing individuals to navigate their rights and obligations without the retrospective imposition of legal consequences.

In legal systems, there is a strong presumption against the retrospective operation of statutes unless the legislature explicitly provides for such effect. This protects individuals from potentially adverse outcomes and maintains legal certainty. Therefore, unless clearly stated otherwise, a new statute will not affect situations that arose before its enactment, adhering to this basic legal principle.

The other statements either reflect common misconceptions or specific circumstances that do not universally apply. For example, while some statutes may alter common law, this is not a definitive characteristic of all statutes. Additionally, the Crown might not always be bound by certain statutes unless explicitly mentioned. As for statutes having effect outside of the UK, this usually depends on the jurisdiction's specific legal provisions and is not a general presumption.